Public relation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Open connection - Essay Example ns having justly situated societies and governments; rather, it could be contended that the notable proclivity among majority rules system and free enterprise cultivates the more prominent utilization of advertising practice in industrialist monetary frameworks while one could present the end product recommendation that balanced act of advertising unavoidably will urge nondemocratic countries to turn out to be more democratic’. The intensity of advertising to impact the assessment of the general population even in extreme issues like the political arrangement of a specific state can be at times a danger for the market particularly in situations where the focused on sentiment has been detailed and forced after a serious weight from the gathering that will increase noteworthy benefit both straightforwardly or by implication. Notwithstanding, much of the time advertising can prompt positive results. Hence, Levy (2002, 34) expressed that ‘PR power utilized early can not just decrease the results of human blunder and delicacy yet additionally help make positives - more business, a superior authoritative atmosphere and improved remaining with the media - through broad communications inclusion on social assistance exercises; PR can make publicizing claims progressively believable, and give the cases more effect, since when the broad communications tell scores of millions that something is in this way, the advertisements that follow are increasingly trusted as well as more interesting’. For instance to the above presumptions, the instance of Wal †Mart is introduced by the above analyst with an end goal to help the believability of his announcements. All the more explicitly, the examination made in the zone has uncovered the presence of a situation where advertising prompted an expansion of th e presentation of the organization in question. As Levy discovered ‘Wal-Mart has expanded its deals of secondary school class rings - at 2,800 stores and on the web - by including how to purchase data in news discharges; the accounts cause likely clients to feel progressively great about purchasing (Levy, 2002, 34). From a comparative perspective it has been

Niagara Falls :: essays research papers

There are numerous incredible marvels of the universes, among them is the Niagara Falls situated in Ontario. Niagara Falls is the gem of topographical history in the Niagara District. Did you ever ponder; how old is Niagara Falls? How did the Falls start? What is the Niagara Escarpment? Niagara Falls is a significant fascination site for voyagers. This 12,000-year-old regular miracle draws in around 12 million visitors per year. Additionally, you can go behind the falls for a visit. Honeymooning couples have advanced toward Niagara Falls for almost 200 years. The Niagara Falls to offers some exceptional charms, for example, the water, that is the draw. Smashing, plunging, roaring without stop. (It froze once.) Although there are taller Falls, there are none more extensive. Here you additionally get three at the cost of one: The seething rapids of Rainbow and Bridal Veil Falls (American) tumble over gigantic stone arrangements in an about impeccable straight line; stunning Horseshoe F alls (Canadian) structure a characteristic bend. Niagara Falls was framed as the icy mass withdrew. The upper Lakes started depleting into the lower lakes at five to six areas over the Niagara Escarpment (like water pouring from a tap). Twelve thousand years back, the Niagara River eventually turned into the primary water outlet over the Niagara Escarpment. The waters of an a lot bigger Lake Erie started to stream over the ledge into a bigger Lake Iroquois (Lake Ontario). The water fell over the slope and Niagara Falls was conceived. The principal people showed up in Niagara Falls Region very nearly 12,000 years prior, without a moment to spare to observe the introduction of the Falls. The land was diverse at that point, comprising of tundra and tidy woods. During this time Niagara Falls was occupied by the Clovis individuals. A man by the name of Dr. Roy Spencer previously found the birthsite of Niagara Falls toward the beginning of December 1678 The principal individual to go over the Niagara Falls and endure was a multi year elderly person named Anne Taylor.

What Are the Side Effects of Bad Credit

What Are the Side Effects of Bad Credit What Are the Side Effects of Bad Credit? What Are the Side Effects of Bad Credit?A bad credit score can negatively affect your everyday life (and your personal financial outlook) in ways you wouldnt expect.Okay, so you have bad credit. Awesome.Actually, no, wait. Not awesome. The opposite of awesome. Your credit score is one of the most important numbers in your life, and a poor credit score pretty much means entering a world of financial hurt.And heres the real kicker: You might think you know all the ways in which a bad credit score will screw with your finances. But in fact, the effects are way more widespread than that.Here are five of the main side effects you’ll experience when you have lousy credit.1. Youll be stuck with much riskier loans.  A bad credit score is going to shut you out from the kinds of personal loans offered by traditional lenders like banks. Heck, even a so-so credit score will oftentimes leave you high and dry. Instead, you’ll be stuck with bad credit loans and no credit check loans, which come with much higher interest rates than regular loans.And when we say higher, we mean way higher. Your standard unsecured personal loan will have an Annual Percentage Rate (APR) anywhere from five to 36 percent. Your average payday loan, on the other hand, has an average APR of 391 percent. That’s over 10 times higher than the most expensive personal loan! The same goes for cash advances (which are basically payday loans using a different name) and title loans, which have an average APR of 300 percent.Don’t get us wrong, the right bad credit loan can be a great financial solution when you’re dealing with surprise expenses. But many bad credit and no credit check loans also come with short terms and lump sum repayments that can make them incredibly difficult to pay back on time. That’s how borrowers end up getting stuck in a nasty cycle of debt. (If you want to skip that predatory debt cycle, consider taking out an amortizing bad credit installment loan.)But having to resort to riskier and more expensive types of loans is one of the most obvious ways that a bad credit score can affect your finances. The next items on this list are a little more surprising.2. You could have trouble renting an apartment.  You might not know this, but potential lenders aren’t the only ones that look at your credit score or pull copies of your credit report. This practice is pretty much standard for potential landlords when they’re considering a person’s rental application.After all, a history of things like delinquent accounts, repossessed cars, evictions, and late or missed rent payments all speak to whether or not you might be a good tenant and whether they’ll have to hound you every month to get your rent paid.Apartment hunting with a lousy credit score will mean more rejections and requests for larger security deposits. If you’re in this situation, you should look for individual landlords over big rental companies, as they’ll be more likely to make exceptions .Looking for less trendy neighborhoods, snagging yourself a co-signer, and offering to pay more than the requested amount up front are all ways to get an apartment despite your bad credit. And when in doubt, be honest and explain yourself, maybe even in an official letter of explanation. Potential landlords will respect that.3. You could be stuck paying extra for utilities.  Once you’ve paid double the normal deposit for that new apartment and you’ve got your move-in date set, it’ll be time to turn your attention to utilities like water, gas, electricity, internet, and (maybe) phone or cable. No problems here, right?On the contrary, this is another area where your poor credit score will set you back. Utility contracts are a form of credit called “open accounts” where every month you have a certain amount of money that needs to be paid in full. And while these credit accounts don’t involve any interest, the utility company will still be interested in your credit score.Whi le a bank might simply turn you down based on your credit score, the utility company will probably just charge you higher rates. (Failure to pay, however, will indeed get your service shut off.) The utility company might even ask for a large up-front depositâ€"up to one-sixth the cost of your annual serviceâ€"or a “letter of guarantee” before they’ll sign you up.4. Your car insurance rates might go up.  Here’s the funny thing about this bad credit side effect. While insurance companies won’t actually check your credit score when you apply with them, they will take the same information that appears on your credit reports and feed it through their own super-secret formula to create a “credit-based insurance score.”The difference between this score and your regular credit score is that this score has a different goal in mind: It’s designed to determine how many claims you’ll file. The more claims you’ll file, the more money you are going to cost the insurance compan y. To offset that cost, they’ll then charge you higher rates.The reason that insurance companies do this is fairly simple. According to a 2007 report from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) titled Credit-Based Insurance Scores: Impacts on Consumers of Automobile Insurance, these scores work:“Credit-based insurance scores are effective predictors of risk under automobile policies. They are predictive of the number of claims consumers file and the total cost of those claims. The use of scores is therefore likely to make the price of insurance better match the risk of loss posed by the consumer. Thus, on average, higher-risk consumers will pay higher premiums and lower-risk consumers will pay lower premiums.”So while bad credit might not directly translate to higher rates for your car insurance, a poor credit score is still a likely indicator that you’ll be paying more.5. Your job application could end up in the trash.  This is the rarest side effect of bad credit, but it’s o ne you should still be aware of. Bad credit could be the thing that prevents you from getting hired for a jobâ€"and, in some circumstances, it could even mean getting fired.Some employers run pre-employment credit checks when hiring. While they don’t check your credit score, they will still get a copy of your credit report, which will contain all the information that led to your poor score. These checks need to be run with your permission, but refusing to give your permission could very well knock you out of the running.While these credit checks could be used as a tie-breaker between two equally impressive candidates, they are also very common in positions and industries where handling large amounts of money is part of the job. It makes sense: A person who isn’t good with their own money probably shouldn’t be in charge of other people’s money.Similarly, employers in many states can run credit checks on their employees. While you are much more likely to run into a credit chec k when you’re being hired for a position, you can certainly encounter one at a company you already work forâ€"especially if you’re up for a promotion.Unless, of course, you live in one of the many states where these practices are restricted. To learn more about the laws regarding employer credit checks in your state, check out this report from the alternative credit reporting agency Microbilt: State Laws Limiting Use of Credit Information For Employment.As this blog post has demonstrated, having lousy credit sucksâ€"perhaps in more ways than you anticipated! If you want to read about some ways you can improve your credit, check out these related posts from OppLoans:What’s the Quickest Way to Fix Bad Credit?No Credit Card? Here Are 6 Ways You Can Still Fix Your Credit ScoreWant to Raise Your Credit Score by 50 Points? Here Are Some TipsWhat else do want you know about living with bad credit? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN

Analysis Of Richard D. Mohr s Prejudice And...

â€Å"Prejudice and Homosexuality†, by Richard D. Mohr, is an essay about how gays and lesbians are subject to discrimination because of different beliefs. Mohr says that when we are evaluating the morality of behavior is to be prescriptive, or normative, not descriptive. In this essay, Mohr says that â€Å"Gays are discriminated against in several ways, including private-sector employment, housing, public accommodations, insurance of all types, custody, adoption, and zoning regulations that bar ‘singles’ or ‘nonrelated’ couples from living together† (Mackinnon 246). I completely agree with him. A descriptive sense of morality is taking the term â€Å"morality† at face value and establishing what is immoral/moral. Mohr says that when either condemning, or praising, behaviors, we should all be normative/prescriptive. This being said, gays are discriminated against because according to the descriptive sense of morality, it is justified. In this sense, morality is defined as what goes against a society’s values — like its norms, mores, and customs. Mohr gives a great example of these two senses of morality; he uses the Nazi society to show that even though a lot of people believe in something, does not make it normatively moral. A correct way to scrutinize behavior, in the normative sense, says that one needs to be consistent and fair. In Mohr’s essay there are one major aspect, with two parts, that fuel the hate fire against homosexuality. This aspect is religion. The first part of religionShow MoreRelatedPrejudice And Homosexuality And Sexual Love And Moral Experience1161 Words   |  5 PagesIsaiah Hines Phil. 2306-43430 05/14/2015 Prejudice and Homosexuality Sexual Love and Moral Experience For many years homosexuality and sex with out marriage has been condemned and debated most with in America . In all standards, homosexual men and women have been denied many rights within the land of the free and home of the brave. And if they have a(n) desire to want to be in the military then they are supposed to withhold their sexual orientation and preference, since this particular

Gender Determined Experiences of the Holocaust - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1654 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category History Essay Level High school Topics: Holocaust Essay Did you like this example? The Holocaust had an underlying theme of gender, as it played a major role in this horrific event. The Holocaust is often seen as a story of men, whether an S.S officer, a doctor, or forced workmen. Often women are thought of less, and possibly pushed aside as a mother or wife. Although gender is fluid, the Nazis did not address this complex matter. At this time, the genders and the role men and women took on were very segregated. Gender determined experiences through power struggles, mental abuse, motherly roles, and sexual violence. When it came to gender and roles, men struggled because of the lack of power and lack of ability to fulfill their typical role of being the provider and protector. Men often experienced most of the physical harming, such as beatings. In the camps, men looked worse than [women] did, women could suffer more than a man, mens spirits were broken much more than [womens]but men may have endured harsher treatment from the guards. The men would also be publically humiliated. Old Jewish men were tied to carts, beaten, and mocked. This author clearly states that the men were the ones being beaten. Also, the power positions, such as Nazi guards and officers, were almost always men. This was difficult for middle and high class Jewish men, who were used to holding high positions. These beatings and acts of humiliation by Nazis were very distressing for men, especially because of the stigma of having to be strong and manly. This constant struggle for power took a toll on those who could not achiev e their usual accustomed role. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gender Determined Experiences of the Holocaust" essay for you Create order Ghettos had Jewish Councils and Jewish police, which gave Jewish men a chance to express a form of power. As a councilman, one had to enforce Nazi orders and administer the daily affairs of the ghettos. Men were appointed based on their role before the war. Most often, the council would be made up of community leaders. The council had to distribute food, enforce social and cultural life, and create a sense of community. Often, the councilmen had to make difficult choices. For example, they had to come up with lists of people to be deported to death camps and concentration camps. If one could not perform his task on the council, he was killed and replaced. Many of these men had major internal struggles which caused them to commit suicide. Others attempted to negotiate with the Nazi rulers to save family and friends. Most members of the Jewish Councils were murdered, regardless or not if they carried out commands. The internal operations were left in the hands of the Jewish police, who worked under close supervision of the Germans. The policemens main job was to round up those on the list for deportation. This took a harsh mental toll on the men, considering they were sending their fellow prisoners to their death. Often, the Jewish police helped smuggle children out of the ghetto and get food and weapons in. This was very risky, and they were often caught. When discovered, they would face brutal torture, and usually were killed. Men in certain camps were also used as Sonderkommandos, a special unit of Jewish men who were forced to work within the gas chambers. Their primary job was to maintain order before their peers entered the gas chambers, remove the bodies after being gassed, and sort through them for personal belongings. Abraham Bomba, a worker in the Sonderkommando at Treblinka, stated that he took all of the clothes to big placessix and seven stories highand we had to put together cotton with cotton and silk with silk. Bomba also worked as a barber in the camp. He said that he had to cut off womens hair so they were not suspicious that they [were] going to be killed. This work was extremely beneficial for the Nazis, because it helped them conclude the killing process in a more efficient way. It was the Nazis intention to murder the Sonderkommando after a certain amount of time, so that there would be no witnesses left after the war. This process was very disturbing for the Jewish men in the Sonderkom mando. This form of labor was difficult both physically and mentally, and in the end, most did not survive. Rather than physical labor, womans hardship included mental, medical, and sexual abuse. Specified harm was typically seen in the all female prison camps, such as Ravensbruck. Upon arrival at Ravensbruck, Holocaust survivor Blanka Rothschild stated that the women were stripped of their clothes, and went to a medical examination[they] were humiliated at every moment. Rothschild recalled a violating and abusive gynecological exam. She suggested that the men in control used their power to humiliate the victims through forced nudity and aggressive sexual acts. She also stated that after the war, it was especially difficult for women who could not have children due to the harm and assaults performed by the Nazi doctors and guards. After the initial entry process, if one was clearly pregnant, they were sent straight to their death or taken to the Nazi doctors. Although a rare occurrence, if women fell pregnant while in the camps they would be physically beaten and most likely killed. To avoid these consequences, often the pregnant women would attempt to self abort, which sometimes severely harmed the women. Additionally, Nazi doctors would experiment on women through testing. In one instance, Ruth Elias entered the camps as a pregnant lady. She was chosen to be observed in a special unit throughout her pregnancy. Once she gave birth, Joseph Mengele directed the Polish midwife to put a bandage over [Elias] breasts, she must not feed the baby. [Mengele] want[ed] to see how long a baby [could] live without food. In the days following the birth of her child, Elias secretly fed the baby soft bread and soup, but it was not enough nourishment to keep her alive. A nurse brought Elias a syringe of morphine, because if t he baby died, Elias would be saved. The baby died hours later, and Elias was transported. This is only one example of the physical and mental effects the Nazi doctors had on the women prisoners. Another example, perhaps the most prevalent of all experiments was sterilization methods. These experiments would often result in permanent physical damage, or even death. Although women faced these harsh, unpredictable conditions in the concentration camps, they used their inherent coping and bonding skills to motivate each other to live. Compared to men, womens coping skills were more advanced. Women were typically seen as homemakers. Their values and roles were centered around being a mother, and a protector. Unique variables such as coping skills and bonding abilities gave women the strength needed to protect their families. Women often bonded over starvation. They would talk about food, and their favorite meals from home. Imagining the taste, sharing recipes, and creating menus helped women cope within the harsh conditions. This food talk, called cooking with the mouth, was a gendered form of nostalgia which helped women create a sense of community. Eva Oswalt, a survivor of Ravensbruck, wrote a cookbook that survived the Holocaust. Two recipes of apricot dumplings and a Hungarian omelette were written down. This was ironic because all of the ingredients in these dishes were difficult to find during the war. In the concentration camp, these recipes acted as a reminder of Evas past. Exchanging cookbooks and recipes were very comforting to women, and truly helped them survive. While many were bonding through gender, other women were being sexually targeted and abused based on their gender. Rape and sexual assault was prevalent, and often women thought it as a chance to ensure their loved ones survival. There [was] an emphasis on womens sexual and reproductive experiencesbecause they carried the next generation of Jews. Traumatic memories of torture, abuse, and rape were not usually documented, but have been discovered through the victims stories. On the other hand, many turned to sexual slavery, which was referred to as prostitution during the Holocaust, in hopes of achieving safety. Prostitutes found themselves faced with what Lawrence Langer termed a choiceless choice. Women exchanged sex for food, possessions, and safety. Jewish prostitution and rape by German soldiers was forbidden when camps and ghettos were established, but the soldiers continued to engaged in sexual relations. Sexual assault often occurred in the barracks, at labor sites, and in medical units. These forms of violence was done for to manifest power, as a form of gratification, and to display an a lternative form of anti-Semitism. Specifically, the Warsaw ghetto was known for prostitution and sexual assault. A document was found after the war that was addressed to Heinz Auerswald, a German SS officer and lawyer, stating that it is the poverty of the females, rather than the desire of the males, that leads to new prostituteswho want in this way to provide a livelihood for themselves and their relativesthrough sex, women and girls could gain a greater chance of survival. Other instances of sexual violence appeared in death camps. Jankiel Wiernik, a prominent figure in the Treblinka resistance, recalled seeing countless acts of sexual assault. He stated that the Ukrainian guards would select the most attractive Jewish girls, drag them into barracks, raped them, then brought them to the gas chambers. The role of women as a protector and nurturer, quickly developed into giving up themselves in hopes of survival. Men and womens experiences throughout the Holocaust were very different. Men were typically targeted through forced labor, which included both mental and physical abuse, whereas women were attacked for vulnerability through medicine and sexual assault. Ones gender definitely impacted his or her experience throughout the camps and ghettos, and it is important to acknowledge these differences, to ensure a more holistic understanding of this horrific event in history.

Is Surveillance Is Bad And Why We Should Be Wary Of It

The 21st century had brought an infinite number of technological advancements whose purpose is to make the lives of new, developed world much more manageable. These digital technologies that have revolutionized our daily lives have also created minutely detailed records of those lives. As a society, we are not quite sure why surveillance is bad and why we should be wary of it. To an extent, the answer has to something to do with privacy, but we lack an understanding of what privacy really  means in this context and why it matters. We have been able to live with this state of affairs, mostly because the threat of constant surveillance has been condemned to the idea as science fiction and a failed totalitarian state. These warnings,†¦show more content†¦Because, in the past, they did not collect very much information, they only held on to it as long as necessary. When surveillance information was expensive to collect and store, companies made do with as little as possible. In the beginning, telephone companies only collected long-distance calling information because they needed it for billing purposes. Credit cards collected only the information about their customers transactions needed for billing. Stores hardly ever collected information about their customers, maybe some personal preference surveys or the name and address for advertising purposes. Even Google, in the beginning, collected far less information about its users than it does in the present day. With the increase in technology and the cost of data becoming cheaper, they were able to save more data and for a longer time. As bigger data analysis tools became more powerful, it became profitable for companies to save even more information. Today, almost everything is being saved by someone, somewhere, most like for forever. According to Bruce Schneier, Internet companies like Google, Facebook, Amazon and Apple collect everything we do online at their sites (Schneier, Bruce). Third-party cookies allow companies like these, and many others, to collect data on us wherever we are on the Internet. Cell phones are key inShow MoreRelatedThe Usa Patriot Act : What s So Patriotic About Trampling On The Bill Of Rights?1687 Words   |  7 PagesUniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act. The major goal of this act is to combat terrorism by giving the government more leeway in what areas they are allowed to use their su rveillance tools and also to what circumstances these tools can be used. The major issue that arise with this act are the fact that many of the act can be seen as unconstitutional. In Nancy Chang’s article, USA PATRIOT Act: What’s So Patriotic About TramplingRead MoreThe Topic Of Cyberspace And Disability3133 Words   |  13 Pages2008, p.145). The idea of children’s culture is also going to be discussed within this essay. When looking at the way that children interact with each other, we can see how children develop their own cultures throughout their childhood. They are exposed to a peer culture which can be beneficial but also damaging due to potentially good and bad influences of other children. This reflects greatly the idea of the ‘tribal child’. Jenks (2004) suggests that the world that the child lives in is argued toRead MoreThe War Powers Act : Contending Interpretations And The Challenge Of Realpolitik3116 Words   |  13 Pagesand has been the subject of several debates and interpretations. More often than not, one finds American soldiers actually engaged in hostilities in foreign lands without the explicit or even implied support of the US Congress. This paper discusses why this is so and hypothesizes that realpolitik has significantly contributed to the practical ineffectiveness of the War Powers Act. Structurally, this paper will first proceed to present a brief history of the War Powers Act and its intended purposeRead MoreThe Trickster of Hamelin3336 Words   |  13 PagesTraits: Unintelligent, Caring (towards villagers) The mayor was the wealthiest man in town, and was also a low born noble. He is a middle aged man garbed in clothing only a little more luxurious than the rest of the populace. He has a noticeably bad habit of letting his emotions take over him when things don’t go his way. He is pompous, greedy, and not very intelligent. However, he presents a clear worry for his town and the people. He is known to be a decent mayor, and was well liked among hisRead MoreHotel Organisation7416 Words   |  30 Pagesfacilities and services in the market while providing a good place to work for its employees and a reasonable return on investment to the owners. A hotel s mission statement should address the interests of its three main constituent groups: guests, management, and employees. First, a hotel s mission statement should address the basic needs and expectations of the hotel s guests. Regardless of a hotel s size or service level, it is safe to assume all guests have the following basic expectations:Read MoreA Literature Review On Trust6131 Words   |  25 PagesLiterature Review of Trust When we consider popular social theory, trust indicates a certain belief and a sense of assurance that is based on strong but not logically-conclusive evidence, or based on some ones character, their ability, or truth that someone or something has shown over a period of time or over experiences. Trust makes for a sense of being safe or of being free of fear, enough so that one s focus can be on other matters (Spirithome, 2005). Key elements of this definition are itsRead MoreFailure of the July Plot in 1944 Essay3132 Words   |  13 Pagesappalled by the Munich Agreement whereby the Sudetenland was taken from Czechoslovakia and given back to Germany. He made contact with Beck and became involved in the July Plot where he agreed to become Chancellor in the proposed office should the plot prove successful. There were various other key figures within the Beck-Goerdeler group such as Henning von Tresckow, a general staff officer during the Second World War, and Captain Wilhelm Canaris who worked with Himmler Read MoreEthical and Social Issues in Information Systems20165 Words   |  81 PagesChapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems 127 tracked could be used for the wrong purpose. Location tracking technology had a similar impact for designer Lauren Scott’s children’s clothing business. This solution created what we call an â€Å"ethical dilemma,† pitting the legitimate need to know what drivers of school buses were doing with the fear that such information could be used to threaten individual privacy. Another ethical dilemma might occur if you were implementing a newRead MoreFun with Literature10373 Words   |  42 Pagesuse the movie â€Å"Cat’s Eye† as a companion to this story because the ï ¬ rst story in the movie is based on â€Å"Quitters Inc.† Two differences: Dick Morrison’s son is a daughter in the movie (played by Drew Barrymore) and a cat is used for the â€Å"rabbit room.† We also read â€Å"The Contents of the Dead Man’s Pocket† by Jack Finney. If you choose to show the entire movie â€Å"Cat’s Eye,† the second story is called â€Å"The Ledge.† It is not similar in theme, but you could talk about the similarities as characters from bothRead MoreOrganisational Control and Power21418 Words   |  86 Pagesthe process of management. Work organisations are complex systems of social relationships, status and power, and attention should be given to the manager–subordinate relationships. The manager needs to understand the nature of power and control in order to improve work behaviour and organisational performance. Learning outcomes After completing this chapter you should be able to: ââ€"   explain the nature and importance of control in work organisations, and the essential elements in a management

Learning to Swim for the First Time free essay sample

To Swim For the First Time Swimming is one of my favorite sports. Swimming is one of the best pastimes that people have Learning how to swim is indeed very exciting. People said to be much easier when teaching a young child under the age of five. Swimming is exciting, good experience and good for health. First of all, swimming is exciting for several reasons. Swimming is exciting because it is completely different from any other sports out there. Swimming is also exciting because of all the neat tricks you can do in the water. On a hot day, what would you rather do, than swimming? You will get cooled off when it is a hot day. This is one of the reasons also that I love summer, so I can go to the beach to . It is also exciting to go swim with your family or friends. When its summer already I always go to the beach to swim and get tan because I can’t get tan at the winter even if there is still places to do tanning I am afraid to try it. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning to Swim for the First Time or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Second, Swimming is a good experience. I was 5 years old when I learned how to swim. It was my father who taught me how to swim. Every day, for about a week, he took me to the swimming pool in the park in my town and spent about three hours teaching me how to swim. However, the first lesson that I had in swimming was very unpleasant. I sank several times and not only drank a lot of water but also let some to enter my nose. In addition, I felt as though I was drowning. My father did not seem to be very helpful. I blamed him every time I had some difficulty in the water. He always responded it by laughing and irritating me more. On week after my father and I went to the park to swim, while I was standing front of the pool my dad came behind me then threw me in the water, I was screaming and asking for my father for help, but he responded â€Å" I taught you how to swim for a week now do what you had learned†. So I followed him to the pool for the second time. That day I was able to keep my nose above the water. My father was more helpful. He allowed me to use a rubber tube whenever I felt tired. I began to like his lessons. Learning to swim either in an ocean or shallow pool is essential for every child to know. Finally, Swimming is healthy. Why is the healthy about swimming? Swimming works practically all of the muscles in the body (if you do a variety of strokes). Swimming can develop a swimmers general strength, cardiovascular fitness and endurance. It does not help with bone density you need to weight bearing exercise for that but that is about all that is missing from what swimming could do for your fitness. Also, you get a full body workout not only that, but it is more for an individual sport than the other sports. Your cardiovascular system in particular benefits because swimming improves your body’s use of oxygen without overworking your heart. In short, after all those reasons I grew up loving to swim and it became my favorite sport because of how exciting is swimming, the good experiences that I learned and how healthy it is to swim. Now my minor in college is scuba diving.

10 Fascinating, Little-Known Moth Facts

10 Fascinating, Little-Known Moth Facts Moths arent just the dull brown cousins of our beloved butterflies. They come in all shapes, sizes, and colors. Before you dismiss them as boring, check out these 10 fascinating facts about moths.   1. Moths Outnumber Butterflies by a 9 to 1 Ratio Butterflies and moths belong to the same order,  Lepidoptera.  Over 90% of known Leps (as entomologists often call them) are moths, not butterflies. Scientists have already discovered and described well over 135,000 different species of moths. Moth experts estimate there are at least 100,000 more moths still undiscovered, and some think moths actually number half a million species. So why do a few butterflies get all the attention? 2. Most Moths Are Nocturnal, but Many Fly During the Day We tend to think of moths as creatures of the night, but this isnt always the case. Some moths are quite active during daylight hours. Theyre often mistaken for butterflies, bees, or even hummingbirds. The clearwing moths, some of which mimic wasps or bees, visit flowers for nectar during the day. Other diurnal moths include some tiger moths, lichen moths, wasp moths, and owlet moths.   3. Moths Come in All Sizes Some moths are so small theyre referred to as micromoths. Generally, moth families in which the member species measure just a centimeter or two are considered micromoths. But a still undescribed species collected in Africa is likely the smallest moth of all, with a wingspan of just 2 mm. At the other end of the moth spectrum is the white witch moth (Thysania aggrippina), a neotropical species with a wingspan that reaches up to 28 cm, or the size of a dinner plate. 4. Male Moths Have a Remarkable  Sense of Smell Keep in mind that moths dont have noses, of course. An insects sense of smell is essentially its ability to detect chemical cues in the environment, called chemoreception. Moths smell these cues with highly sensitive receptors on their antennae. And male moths are the champions of chemoreception, thanks to feathery antennae with lots of surface area to grab those molecules from the air and give them a sniff. Female moths use sex attractant pheromones to invite potential mates to mingle. Silk moth males seem to have the strongest sense of smell of all and can follow a whiff of female pheromones for miles. A male promethea moth holds the record for tracking a scent through the air. He flew an astounding 23 miles in the hope of mating with the girl of his dreams and was likely disappointed when he realized hed been tricked by a scientist with a pheromone trap. 5. Some Moths Are Important Pollinators We dont often think of moths as pollinators, perhaps because we arent outside in the dark watching them work. While butterflies get all the credit, there are plenty of moths moving pollen from flower to flower, including geometer moths, owlet moths, and sphinx moths. Yucca plants require the help of yucca moths to cross-pollinate their flowers, and each yucca plant species has its own moth partner. The yucca moths have special tentacles with which they can scrape and gather pollen from yucca blossoms. Charles Darwin famously predicted that orchids with exceptionally long nectaries were pollinated by insects with equally long proboscises. Though ridiculed for his hypothesis at the time, he was later vindicated when scientists discovered the Madagascan sphinx moth, an orchid-pollinating species with a 30 cm proboscis. 6. Some Moths Do Not Have Mouths Some moths dont waste time once they reach adulthood. They emerge from their cocoons ready to mate, and content to die soon afterward. Since they wont be around for very long, they can get by on the energy they stored as caterpillars. If you dont plan on eating, theres really no point in developing a fully-functioning mouth. Probably the best-known example of a mouthless moth is the luna moth, a stunning species that lives just a few days as an adult. 7. Not All Moths Eat, but They Are Often Eaten Moths and their caterpillars make up a lot of biomass in the ecosystems where they live. And they arent just empty calories, either. Moths and caterpillars are rich in protein. All kinds of animals feed on moths and caterpillars: birds, bats, frogs, lizards, small mammals, and in some parts of the word, even people! 8. Moths Use All Kinds of Tricks to Avoid Being Eaten When everything in your world is intent on eating you, youve got to get a little creative to stay alive. Moths employ all kinds of interesting tricks to avoid predation. Some are masterful mimics, such as caterpillars that look like twigs and adult moths that blend in with tree bark. Others use startle markings, like the underwing moths that flash brightly colored hindwings to distract pursuing predators. Tiger moths produce ultrasonic clicking sounds that confuse sonar-guided bats. 9. Some Moths Migrate Everyone loves migrating butterflies, like the famous long-distance flights of the North American monarchs. But nobody gives props to the many moths that also migrate, perhaps because they tend to fly at night. Moths tend to migrate for practical reasons, like to find a better food supply, or to avoid uncomfortably hot and dry weather. Black cutworm moths spend their winters on the Gulf Coast but migrate north in the spring (like some senior citizens). Olympic trivia buffs may remember the hordes of migrating Bogong moths that pestered athletes during the 2000 Sydney Olympics. 10. Moths Are Attracted to Light Bulbs, Bananas, and Beer If the previous 9 facts convinced you that moths are pretty cool insects, you might be interested in attracting moths so you can see them for yourself. Moth enthusiasts use a few tricks to lure moths closer. First, many moths will come to lights at night, so you can start by observing the moths that visit your porch light. To see a greater diversity of the moths in your area, try using a black light and a collecting sheet, or even a mercury vapor light. Some moths might not come to lights but cant resist a mixture of fermenting sweets. You can mix up a special moth-attracting recipe using ripe bananas, molasses, and stale beer. Paint the mixture on a few tree trunks and see who comes for a taste. Sources: Australias Bogong moth invasion turns even yawning into a potential health hazard, The Independent. November 4, 2013.Capinera, John L. Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2nd edition.Corcoran, A.J., Barber, J. R., and Conner, W. E. Tiger moth jams bat sonar. Science. July 17, 2009.Cranshaw, Whitney and Redak, Richard. Bugs Rule! An Introduction to the World of Insects.Kritsky, Gene. Darwins Madagascan hawk moth prediction. American Entomologist, Volume 37, 1991.Largest Lepidopteran Wing Span, University of Florida Book of Insect Records, April 17, 1998.  Moisset, Beatriz. Yucca Moths (Tegeticula sp.). US Forest Service website.Smallest Moth in the World?, UC David Department of Entomology and Nematology website, June 29, 2012.Status of Pollinators in North America, by Committee on the Status of Pollinators in North America, 2007.Waldbauer, Gilbert. The Handy Bug Answer Book.

Glossary of Historical Terms

Glossary of Historical Terms All eras of history have their own terms and words unique to them; if you’re lucky, they’ll even be in a language you speak. But the act of studying history has a range of terms too, and this page will explain the historiographical terms used both throughout the site, and the books students commonly need. Read these  tips for writing a history paper. History Terms From A to Z Archive: A collection of documents and records. Archives can be huge and take years to adequately master (or, in the case of some museums, even longer), and they can just be small but deliberate groupings of material. They are the homes of the previous generation of historians but are increasingly going online. ​Autobiography: An individuals account of their life. The auto part means that individual has had major input, if not writing it themselves, but this doesn’t mean the work will be historically accurate. The historian will have to judge that, but it does mean it’s the past as the individual wishes it to be remembered.Bibliography: A list of works, including books, journals, and essays, on a particular subject. Most serious historical works have a bibliography of what was used to create it, and most students and readers are encouraged to use it as a basis for exploration.Biography: An account of an individuals life, written by another person. This might be a historian, it might be a hack selling tawdry rumors and needs to be assessed just as carefully as an autobiography. Book Review: A critical examination of a text, usually including a summary of the work and opposing views. Journalistic book reviews will tend to focus on whether the book is good, academic book reviews will tend to place the book in the context of the field (and whether it’s good.)Context: The background and specific circumstances of a subject, such as an authors lifestyle, or the weather during a car crash. Context is absolutely everything when it comes to analyzing  a document, or setting the scene for your essay.Discipline: The study, or practice, of a subject using a specific set of methods, terms, and approaches. History is a discipline, as is Archaeology, Chemistry or Biology.Encyclopedia: A written reference work, composed of informative articles arranged alphabetically. These can either focus on a particular subject or, in the case of the Encyclopaedia Britannica, on everything. The more an encyclopedia covers, the less depth it tends to have, so volumes specific to your target subject are the goal. History: Either the study of the past or the product of our attempts to understand the past. See ‘the Past’ below for the full explanation.Historian: An individual who studies the past.Historiography: Either the methods and principles used in the study of history or the written result.Interdisciplinary: The study, or practice, of a subject which applies the methods and approaches of several disciplines. For instance, while History, Literature, and Archaeology are separate disciplines, they can be combined.Journal: A periodical which normally deals with a specific issue, for instance, National Geographic. By periodical, we mean a sort of magazine.Past, The: Events which happened previously in time. It might sound strange to have ‘history’ and ‘the past’ meaning different things, but the distinction is important when you remember that all our attempts to narrate and explain earlier events are affected by our own biases and difficulties of time and transmission. What historians have done is used ‘The Past’ as a base point: this is what happened, this is what most people think of as history. Historians then consider ‘history’ as the product of our attempts to recreate the past. Primary Sources: Material from, or directly related to, the past. In History, primary sources are usually letters, records or other documents created during the period that is being studied, such as diaries, legal notices or accounts. However, primary sources can include photographs, jewelry, and other items.Reference Work: A text, usually in the form of a dictionary or encyclopedia which contains facts and information, but not normally discussions.Secondary Sources: Material created by somebody removed from the event being studied - who was either not at the event, or was working later. For instance, all history textbooks are secondary sources.

Ethics and Morality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ethics and Morality - Essay Example According to Rousseau, for the State, it is important that each citizen has some kind of religion or devotion as a regularizing rod for his behavior. It does not matter to the State if the religion is uplifting the citizen in any way or not. Its requirement is that it controls and shapes his behavior in the right way, so that he is not a nuisance in the society and remains a law-abiding citizen. Morality is the other side of the religious coin. It is interesting to note that much of what we call 'morality' today did not exist in the Stone Age. The powerful took away what they needed from the hapless unfortunate creatures, who either perished or got enslaved. It was the jungle law, what prevails today in most of the animal kingdom, though there are interesting exceptions. As man became increasingly aware of his society, community and responsibility towards them, a kind of bond formed around him, making him an integral part of it and certain rules and conditions were either imposed on him, or he became conscious that to adhere to them would be self-preservation from harmful attacks. The individualist nature has resulted in the collective way of life and man found security in numbers and lived as part of a society, where morality became the most important requirement to have a coherent social structure. Social contract theory is supposed to be as old as Philosophy itself and even Socrates' explanation to Crito approaches it. Rousseau comes very close to Hobbes when he says that religion binds the man to morality, law and hence, to social contract. This is helpful for the peace and well being of the society. It glorifies the prince, the country, and the lawmakers. Hence, it is a form of social contract entered between the individual man and the collective society, which later was governed and protected by political authority. Man and society are bound by this unseen contract and it is easy to assume that morality and social contract are complimentary as well as prerequisites to each other. "Social contracts or Contractarianism stems from the political power and control and man's accepting it as legitimate authority in governance of moral fibre of the society." http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractarianism/ According to Hobbes, it is clear that common interest of fear leads men into political society and fear could be of gory death, insecurity, lack of cultural living, deprivation of comfort and industry, losing satisfaction derived out of life, losing kin and possessions, living with unfulfilled desires, separation, misadventure and hatred ruling every bit of life. Hobbs feels that even a bad political authority is better than none and should be welcomed and cherished.

Housekeeping Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Housekeeping - Essay Example ablishments and organizations where there is a domestic steward; the housekeeper ought to consider themselves as the immediate representatives of their mistress. Good housekeeping entail a number of practical measures based on the common sense of the enterprise to undertake in order to improve their productivity, obtain savings in their costs as well as reducing the environmental impact of their operations. Good housekeeping needs to relate to voluntary actions that are aimed at rationalizing the utilization of raw materials, water and energy inputs. It also aims at reduction of the toxicity and volume of the wastes and the emission of harmful products, reusing and recycling maximum amounts of primary inputs and packaging of materials as well as the enhancing of conditions of working and occupational safety in the household. The paper analyses on the importance of the housekeeping manual and it is significant in enhancing the employees’ performance as well as the housekeeping department. It also describes Avenue hotel in Copenhagen one of the biggest hotels in Denmark. It seeks to provide areas of the manual delivery system needing improvement to enhance the hotel in achieving its target goals. Housekeeping entails the use and implementation of the housekeeping manual to enhance the effectiveness in the hotels operations. The major objective of housekeeping manual is enabled enterprises identify simple and practical, common sense measures of appropriate housekeeping that ought to be undertaken in reduction of the cost involved in the production as well as enhance the overall productivity and mitigate environmental impact. Good housekeeping practices ought to relate to a number of measures dealing with the prevention of the loss of materials, minimization of waste in the enterprise, conservation of energy as well as improving the operational and organizational procedures. The implementation of the housekeeping manual ensures that the practices are relatively easy

Selection Strategies for Clapton Commercial Construction Essay Example for Free

Selection Strategies for Clapton Commercial Construction Essay Summary Atwood Allen Consulting has been retained by Clapton Commercial Construction (CCC) to assist them with their expansion into the Arizona market. We are in the final stages of assisting them with their transition, and the final step is to discuss recruitment and selection strategies for the expansion. We will provide details on how to proceed with recruitment and selection of employees to find the best candidates for their organization. Meticulous consideration and planning of staffing requirements, and the steps involved to find the ideal candidate with the right skill set is one of the most important jobs to perform. Cascio (2013) states that the first step in recruitment and selection is managing the candidate applications and creating a talent pool of potential participants that may be qualified for the position. The following steps include the initial screening, interviewing, selection process, and candidate placement. Organizational Goals CCC is currently based in Detroit and employs 650 individuals. With their planned expansion into the Arizona market, they expect to add 130 employees. Their projected annual revenue is 10 million, with a -3% growth predicted for 2016. They currently have a 20% turnover rate that they foresee will remain unchanged in the next year when they move into Arizona. Recruitment and selection will need to be aligned with the company’s organizational goals. Carefully planned goals provide a blueprint for an organization and keep it going the right direction. Griffin (2015) states that organizational goals assist organizations with evaluating and organizing performance. The functions they serve are: 1) give direction and guidance 2) facilitate planning 3) motivate staff 4) assist organizations with evaluating and organizing performance. CCC should choose individuals who share the similar values and beliefs to help them achieve  their organizational goals. Values are qualities and traits that an individual holds close and represents that persons driving force (Heathfield, 2015). Develop a mission statement of what Clapton Commercial Construction does and why it exists. Each employee should be able to address the mission statement verbally. The commitment to quality workmanship, customer satisfaction, and on-time completion of projects should all be included when developing the mission statement. This mission statement will be critical for your organization to be successful as you move into a new market. You need to brand yourself and let the market know you stand for quality and customer service. Demographic Changes According to The Associate General Contractors of America, Arizona lost more construction jobs than any other state in the nation in 2014 and the only state in the West to lose jobs. Experts warn that the declining numbers could be the states new average. It was reported that between December of 2013 and December 2014, Arizona lost 4,300 construction jobs. This number converts to a 3.4 percent job loss overall in construction (Fishler, 2015). According to Minter (2015) the construction trade is still hovering at the ground level of the 2008 recession. Following a recession a construction market usually does well, however, Arizona has not recovered and is operating at approximately half of the strength it was prior to the recession. The demand for housing is sluggish now because it was overbuilt prior to the recession, and the population growth has not been as strong. Because of this there is a high vacancy rate and no demand for new construction. However, the latest population estimates out by the States Office of Employment and Population Statistics, and the U.S. Census Bureau forecasts growth ahead. Future growth will eventually convert to an increase in construction workers (Hansen, 2015). Workforce Diversity â€Å"Diversity should be linked to every business strategy† including recruitment, employee selection and placement, reward structure, succession planning, and performance evaluation (Cascio, 2013 p. 160). There are several selection methods to choose from when looking to hire new employees. Let’s explore these one can see how they may affect decisions to hire. First, there is passive non-discrimination, this method treats all sexes and  races equally in regards to hiring practices. There is no attempt to recruit minority applicants actively. This method does not observe the history of discriminatory practices and may block candidates from seeking job opportunities. Second, pure diversity-based recruitment, this is a planned effort by the organization to expand the pool of candidates so that no one is ruled out based on past or present discrimination. And lastly, diversity based recruitment with preferential hiring. This method of selection goes one step further than pure-diversity based recruitment and favors ethnic minorities and women for hiring and promotions. This process is also referred to as the soft quota system (Farooq, 2011). Atwood and Allen Consulting would recommend the pure diversity method for CCC. The decision to choose one individual over another must be made based on multiple factors. The Supreme Court has ruled that staffing decisions must be made on a case-by-case basis, sex, race, age and other factors must be considered but ultimately the decision to hire or promote is based on the most qualified individual (Cascio, 2013). The United States Census Bureau 2014 estimates Arizonas population at 6.7 million. The percentage of white alone is 56.7, Hispanic or Latino is 30.3% and African American is 4.6%. Considering these numbers, it would be advantageous to have employees that are bilingual. It should not be required but should be strongly preferred since there is a large population of Spanish speaking individuals and would be an asset to the organization. Recruiting/Screening/Selection Clapton Commercial Construction should begin the recruitment process by posting the available positions internally. When you promote from within there is a positive impact on employee morale. Employees feel the company compensates hard work for better opportunities and can inspire employees to work at a higher level of productivity. Internal recruiting is also associated with lower costs. The HR department can post the position on the intranet and bulletin boards throughout the organization versus the high cost of external postings (Root, 2015). If an external recruiting effort is launched prior to considering the talents, desires and future of the current pool of employees it may cost the organization more money in both short term and long term. Ultimately, for a successful internal recruitment process to occur, strong management support is critical (Cascio, 2013). After posting the positions, internally it is recommended to move forward with the external process. If there are top management position to be filled, we would recommend a search firm that makes diversity a priority and one with good ethical reputation. There are many external sources that are valuable when searching for qualified applicants. Examples of online job engines where you can post an ad are, monster.com, Career.Builders.com, Indeed.com. Consider posting on the business social network site LinkedIn, Arizona Job Services, local trade publications, and Craig’s list. A benefit of hiring externally is bringing in new talent and ideas that can create growth and development in the organization. Once CCC is ready for the interviewing process, there are several methods available. However, we would recommend two different types. 1) Behavioral- style interviewing, this method of interviewing asks the individual to answer a question with a story of how they responded to a situation in the past. 2) Situational-style interviewing, this method asks an individual to solve a problem. They are given a situation, assess it and provide the best way they would resolve the situation (Doyle, 2015). In addition, prepare ahead of time and have the complete list of questions ready. Conduct the interview in a designated, quiet place free from distractions. Listen to what the person is saying, pay close attention, make eye contact and take notes. In addition to the previous measures discussed, Atwood and Allen Consulting would also recommend asking potential candidates to take an integrity test or a personality-based test. These are tests given to prospective employees to gauge their views on dishonest behavior and has shown to be a useful indicator of future disciplinary problems (Cascio, 2013). Selection of candidates will be the final step. CCC will analyze all the information during the recruitment and interviewing process and make their selections. Select the most qualified individual based on pure-diversity based recruitment. The best applicant for the position should always be the one considered as ruled by the Supreme Court. Conclusion The recruitment and selection process is critical to your expansion into the Arizona market. There is much to consider and a lot to accomplish before your arrival. Your future success is heavily dependent on the steps  we have discussed here. Take all necessary steps to hire the right candidates that are aligned with your values, organizational goals and mission. Ensure that you are doing everything possible to be a diverse organization, this will encourage success in your expansion and make your company more marketable. Atwood and Allen Consulting wishes you success as you move forward with your endeavors. It has been a pleasure working with you. References Doyle, A. (2015). Behavioral and Situational Interviewing. Retrieved from http://jobsearch.about.com/od/jobinterviewtypes/qt/situational-interview.htm Farooq, U. (2011). Employee Selection Methods Polices of Organizations. Retrieved from http://www.studylecturenotes.com/management-sciences/human-resource-management/108-employee-selection Fishler, M. (2015). Arizonas construction industry saw significant job loss last year. Retrieved from http://cronkitenewsonline.com/2015/02/arizona%E2%80%99s-construction-industry-lost-most-jobs-nationwide-in-2014/ Griffin, D. (2015). Goal Setting Definitions. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/goal-setting-definitions-1064.html Hansen, R. J. (2015). Arizona labor market finished 2014 on an upswing. Retrieved from http://www.azcentral.com/story/money/2015/01/22/arizona-labor-market-finished-upswing/22176861/ Heathfield, S. M. (2015). More About Building An Organization Based On Values. Retrieved from http://humanresources.about.com/od/str ategicplanning1/a/organizvalues_2.htm Root, G. N. (2015). Advantages and Disadvantages of Internal Recruitment. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-internal-recruitment-11212.html

Sexual Identity in Africa Essay -- Sexual Issues

A passionate subject, a cultural and universal practice, a part of the human nature and a divine attribute bestowed upon man by his creator. No culture is superior to another when it comes to sexuality, its acts is everywhere. It doesn’t change the face of any culture or change modernity from moving forward. Sexuality, sexual harassments, sexual dimorphism, sexual orientation, sexual intercourse, gays, lesbians, sexual preferences, sexual rights, sexual selection, sex appeal, being sexy, an endless list of each phrase, briefly coming with one source word; Sex. Sex has been a necessity, even though it is hardly ever discussed. In time past, in every part of the globe, there has always been a universal acknowledgements of the act â€Å"SEX†. Socially, it is an act a man and woman (wife/wives) engaged in after fulfilling the appropriate marriage rites. Politically, in ancient history and in present times, it was and still is the ultimate weapon of seduction that gave/gives most of our prominent women power over their male opponents. Over the years, sexual activities have grown to affect our lifestyles and perspectives (life views) to a great extend. In distinct parts of the world, the concept of sexual expressions and identities took diverse forms. The forms cut across beliefs, religions, perceptions, moral standard and even politics. However, certain things were settled for. According to N.M Heckel, in medieval times, â€Å"Sex was measured, as it is now, to be a normal and natural part of life. Most authorities agreed that it was not intrinsically sinful because God would not have made such a necessary activity to be a taboo (without sex one cannot have children and fulfil the commandment to "increase and multiply, and repleni... ...tisfree/cifamerica/2011/nov/02/america-problem-sex-education> Hoeksema, S. Inclusive Sex Education Needed in African Schools. 11th Nov 2011, 24th April 2012. Web. Heckel, N. Sex Society and Medeival Women. 24th April 2012. Web. http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/medsex/text.htm Meston, C, Ahrold, T. Ehtnic, Gender and Acculturation influences on Sexual Behaviours. DOI 10.1007. 2008. Print. Mirrer, L. Women Jews and Muslims in the texts of Reconquest Castile. University of Michigan press. Michigan. 1996. Print. Neary, L. Homosexuality in Africa is Still a Taboo. 22nd February 2010. 26th April 2012. Web. AUN students. Personal Interview. 14-14th April 2012. Wikipedia. Premarital Sex. 24th April 2012. Web.

Enhance the learning process in malaysian schools

Education is one of the chief basicss in constructing up a state. In Malaysia, instruction has ever been the top precedence of the authorities. About a one-fourth of the authorities 5 old ages budget is allocated to the ministry of instruction to keep good instruction system in this state. The vision of the authorities is to do Malaysia a Centre of educational excellence. There are three degrees of instruction in Malaysia which are the primary instruction – a period of six old ages, that is, from Standard One to Standard Six ; secondary instruction – five old ages, that is, from Form One to Form Five ; and the third degree of instruction. Upon completion of secondary instruction, eligible pupils can choose to prosecute two old ages of post-secondary instruction, Form Six. This is the university entryway preparative class. The pre-tertiary instruction ( pre-school to post-secondary instruction ) is under the legal power of the Ministry of Education ( MOE ) while Tertiary or higher instruction is the duty of the Ministry of Higher Education ( MOHE ) .[ 1 ] Education is a precedence of the Federal Government of Malaysia and it is committed to supply quality instruction to all. Most of the Five-Year Malayan Plans have placed great importance on instruction, preparation and womb-to-tomb acquisition. In line with greater focal point on human development, an norm of about 21 per centum of the entire budget allotment has been allocated for the outgo of instruction and preparation development. The national doctrine of instruction provinces that â€Å" Education in Malaysia is an on-going attempt towards further developing the potency of persons in a holistic and incorporate mode so as to bring forth persons who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious, based on a steadfast belief in and devotedness to God. † It is designed to bring forth Malayan citizens who are knowing and competent, possess high moral criterions, and are responsible and capable of accomplishing a high degree of personal well being every bit good as to lend to the improvement of the household, society and state at big.[ 2 ] In order to back up â€Å" Vision 2020 † the instruction system is transforming which entail altering the civilization and patterns of Malaysia ‘s primary and secondary schools, traveling off from memory-based larning to an instruction that stimulates believing, creativeness, caters to single abilities and larning manners, and based on a more just entree. At the same clip, Malaysia is originating many attacks in order to maintain up with the altering universe and current demands which will bring forth a well-structured development of higher instruction. The authorities has besides clearly outlined the strategic pushs in the National Higher Education Strategic Plan to do Malaysia an international Centre of educational excellence by 2020.[ 3 ]MALAYSIAN EDUCATION SYSTEMEducation is the duty of the Federal Government. Malaysia ‘s national instruction system is divided into pre-tertiary and third instruction. There are two regulating governments for the instruction sect or. Pre-tertiary instruction, that is, from pre-school to secondary instruction, is under the legal power of the Ministry of Education ( MOE ) while third instruction or higher instruction is the duty of the Ministry of Higher Education ( MOHE ) . Under the national instruction system, a kid begins his/her instruction with pre-school instruction at the age of four and will be admitted into the first twelvemonth of the six old ages mandatory primary instruction when the kid reaches the age of six on the first twenty-four hours of January of the current school twelvemonth. The authorities provides 11 old ages of free primary and secondary instruction. Most schools in the state are authorities or government-aided schools and a figure of private schools. The school starts in January and ends in November. Students sit for common public scrutinies at the terminal of primary, lower secondary, supper secondary and 6th signifier degrees.[ 4 ] Pre-school Education. Pre-school instruction is portion of the National Education System under the Education Act, 1996. The purpose of pre-school instruction is to supply a house foundation for formal instruction. Pre-schools are run by authorities bureaus, non-governmental organisations ( NGOs ) every bit good as private establishments. The major authorities bureaus that are responsible for pre-school instruction are the Ministry of Education ( MOE ) , the Ministry of Rural Development, and the Ministry of National Unity and Community Development. Children enroll between the ages of four and six and all pre-schools have to stay the course of study guidelines set by the Ministry of Education. The course of study enables pre-school kids to get sufficient basin communicating, societal and other positive accomplishments in readying for primary schooling. The learning constituents include linguistic communication and communicating, physical development, cognitive development, moral and r eligious growing, socio-emotional development, aesthetic and creativeness. Primary Education. Primary instruction is divided into two stages – stage 1: Year 1-3 and phase 2: Year 4-6. Education at this degree aims to supply the kid with a house foundation in the basic accomplishments of reading, composing and arithmetic, every bit good as stressing believing accomplishments and values across the course of study. While instruction at this degree is non mandatory, more than 99 per centum of this age-group are enrolled in primary schools throughout the state. There are two types of schools at the primary degree – the National Schools and the National-Type Schools. In the National Schools the medium of direction is the Malay linguistic communication which is the national linguistic communication. The medium of direction in the National-Type Schools is either Chinese linguistic communication or Tamil linguistic communication. in both types of schools, the Malay linguistic communication is a compulsory topic. English is mandatory and is taught as a 2nd linguistic communication in all schools. Chinese, Tamil and autochthonal linguistic communications are besides offered as topics in national schools.[ 5 ] Secondary Education. Secondary instruction is fundamentally an extension of primary degree instruction. Education at this degree is general in nature and is divided into lower and upper secondary degree, and a particular twelvemonth passage plan known as â€Å" Remove Class ‘ for students from the National-Type Chinese and Tamil Primary Schools.[ 6 ] a. Remove Class. Remove Class is a passage twelvemonth for students from the Chinese and Tamil medium schools to get sufficient proficiency in the national linguistic communication to enable them to larn through this medium the undermentioned twelvemonth. However, students who have performed good in the Primary Assessment Test ( UPSR – Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah ) at the terminal of Year 6, are allowed to continue straight to Form 1. B. Lower Secondary Level ( Form 1-Form 3 ) . This degree covers a period of three old ages. Education at this degree is general in nature. All topics are core topics and compulsory for all. Chinese, linguistic communication, Tamil linguistic communication and Arabic linguistic communication ( Communication ) are offered as extra topics. Upon completion, pupils sit for a common scrutiny, that is, the Lower Secondary Assessment ( PMR – Penilaian Menengah Rendah ) . c. Upper Secondary ( Form 4-5 ) . Education at this degree covers a period of two old ages. Besides following the general instruction plan, pupils begin to specialise in the scientific discipline, humanistic disciplines, proficient, vocational and spiritual subject. Specific schools are designated for each subject. These schools are academic schools, proficient schools, vocational schools and spiritual schools. Upon completion, pupils sit for the Malayan Certificate of Education ( SPM – Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia ) scrutiny. Secondary Technical Schools. Secondary proficient instruction is aimed at bring forthing an equal pool of qualified pupils who excel in mathematics and scientific discipline, every bit good as in basic technology topics. Students in secondary proficient schools follow the same nucleus topics of upper secondary school course of study and take scientific discipline and proficient topics as electives. Admission to these schools is through application based on the PMR consequences, and merely pupils with strong background in Mathematicss and Science are selected. Students from these schools are expected to go on their surveies in scientific discipline and technology-related classs at the higher degrees every bit good as in advanced accomplishments. Secondary Vocational Schools. These schools provide classs in pre-employment accomplishments every bit good as general instruction. Courses are offered in two watercourses – vocational instruction watercourse and accomplishments instruction watercourse. In the former, accent is given to general and proficient topics in order to supply pupils with a good foundation for admittance into engineering schools or other higher establishments. In the accomplishments stream accent is given to practical work to develop competence in trade accomplishments required by related industries. Students are prepared for the National Vocational Training Certificate. Upon completion of 11 old ages of free instruction, farther instruction is no longer automatic but is capable to the person ‘s academic public presentation and fiscal stableness. These upper secondary school alumnuss, that is, Form Five departers, can choose to go on their instruction in post-secondary schools to obtain a pre-university making such as the Sixth Form or Matriculation plan or GCE A'Level, or further their instruction at third or higher establishments. Higher instruction includes certification, sheepskin, undergraduates every bit good as graduate student surveies. Undergraduate surveies consist of Bachelor ‘s grade degrees and professional surveies while postgraduate surveies consist of Master ‘s grades and PhD degrees. By and large, higher instruction at the sheepskin degree is for secondary school certification holders, that is, Form Five ( Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia or SPM ) from the age of 17 onwards. The Bachelor ‘s grade is for pupils from th e age of 19 onwards with post-secondary makings such Form Six ( STPM – Sijil Tinggi Pelajaran Malaysia ) , which is tantamount to the GCE A'Level, or pre-university makings.[ 7 ]MALAYSIAN SCHOOL CURRICULUMThe function of the school course of study is to guarantee the holistic development of the person ‘s possible, mentally, spiritually, emotionally and physically. The course of study is to convey faster the Malayan citizen who is balanced and all-around person, trained, adept and cherishes the national aspiration for integrity. The Malayan school course of study has been reframed and realigned to show and future demands. Besides that, rapid developments in engineering, new theories of acquisition and developments within Malaysia itself necessitated the systematic course of study. The footing of the course of study took into considerations four chief facets – national development, single development, larning theories, and the national doctrine of instruction.[ 8 ] The basic theoretical rule in the planning and design of the Malayan course of study is the incorporate attack. Infusion of specific facets of instruction such as moral values, nationalism, scientific discipline and engineering, linguistic communication, environmental instruction, survey accomplishments, originative and critical thought, and route safety across the topic disciplines is a basic characteristic in the Malayan course of study. Such an extract is made with the intent of consolidating these facets which may already be in the school topics but needs farther accent. Patriotism, for illustration, is already discussed in History and Local Surveies but because of its importance, the national course of study requires that it be taught across other topics. Others such as environmental instruction are taught across the course of study because it can non be accorded the position of capable due to restraints of clip, installations and the similar. The proficient, vocational and accomplishments developing offered in secondary proficient and secondary vocational schools provide pupils with practical preparation and employability accomplishments. Besides that, the usage of engineering as an enabler to ease instruction and acquisition activities have made larning interesting, motivation, stimulating, meaningful and develop accomplishments that will fix pupils to confront greater challenges.[ 9 ] Pre-school Curriculum. The pre-school course of study focuses on the whole-child development. The course of study emphasizes on socialisation procedure, the development of personality and the readying of kids to come in primary school. The constituents in the course of study include linguistic communication and communicating, cognitive development, socio-emotional development, religious development, physical development and aesthetic and creativeness. Primary School Curriculum. The Integrated Curriculum for Primary School ( ICPS ) is divided into two stages – stage 1 for Year 1-3 and phase 2 for Year 4-6. The ICPS emphasizes the command, support and application of 3Rs, acquisition of complex accomplishments and cognition, pre-vocational accomplishment, and the development of personality, attitudes and values. The ICPS consists of three countries, chiefly communicating, adult male and his environment, and self development. These countries are farther divide into six constituents – basic accomplishments, humanistic disciplines, art and diversion, populating accomplishments, communicating, spiritually, values and attitudes. Secondary School Curriculum. The accent of Integrated Curriculum for Secondary School ( ICCS ) is on general instruction, the consolidation of accomplishments acquired in primary school, the development of attitudes, values, personality, and involvements every bit good as specialisation for higher instruction and calling options.CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES IN EDUCATIONIn the 21st century, instruction in Malaysia will confront important challenge as it is in this century that the state is set to go industrialised. It is imperative hence to understand what it is that demands to be given attending for the instruction system to fix adequately for the century: a. Shift to K-economy. Knowledge has to be the basic signifier of capital in the 21st century to place Malaysia for industrialisation. The instruction system must give cognition workers to force Malaysia into the K-economy. Knowledge workers are indispensable for the state to do investings in engineering which will lend to sustainable growing. Malayan instruction must heighten cognition and engineering in every aspect of its instruction system.[ 10 ] B. Bettering Education Qualities. Given all the qualitative accomplishments at all degrees of instruction with uninterrupted growing of registration rates, Malayan instruction has to switch to the laterality of qualitative mark. Several factors have to be considered for finding educational quality. The countries of content and bringing that straight affect learning and larning must be given accent. There have to be inventions within the attack for both the content and bringing at all degrees of instruction. To guarantee effectual bringing, instructor professionalism has to be addressed to bring on greater professionalism among school instructors. Recruitments, preparation and school restructuring should be the primary mark countries for presenting professionalism among instructors.[ 11 ] c. Narrowing the Digital Divide. The equity issue in instruction should take for supplying equal entree to instruction. The focal point of democratisation of the instruction in the 21st century will be in footings of supplying equity in instruction with accent on cognition and engineering between rural and urban school population. Malayan instruction has to accomplish addition engagement and improved public presentation in scientific discipline and engineering particularly among the school population. Apart from supplying the necessary substructure, scientific discipline and engineering have to be sharply promoted to tackle involvement among pupils.[ 12 ] d. Redefining the Role of the Private Sector. The function of the private sector is critical peculiarly at the higher degree of instruction. It releases some of the heavy funding burden off the authorities, reduces the capacity restraints of the public establishments, and supply invention and competition. Nonetheless, net income and commercial motives have developed a figure of jobs. These jobs if non reference adequately will consequence the quality of higher instruction in the state. One wide inquiry that should be addressed is what should be the function of private higher instruction – should they be complementary, auxiliary or both.[ 13 ] e. Teaching Methodology. Two shortcoming are identified in the current pattern: ( I ) lecture-based direction – pupils tend to go inactive receivers of cognition and resort to rote acquisition ; ( two ) teacher-centered – pupils tend to trust on their instructors to make up one's mind what, when, and how to larn. This worked comparatively good but it is non clear that pupils are larning at higher, conceptual degree of thought.[ 14 ]PROPOSED ENHANCEMENTSSeveral factors ought to ease the sweetenings of the Malayan instruction system, particularly the national course of study such as the debut of new topics and plans in schools. The facilitating factors include findings of research and surveies, public sentiments, universe tendencies, societal and economic demands and political force per unit areas. In add-on, they are to be facilitated further with the being of the undermentioned supporting factors at changing grades: a. The authorities ‘s continued attempts to spread out and better instruction and preparation through addition in the budget for instruction. B. The experience over the old ages of the state ‘s instruction policy in heightening quality and entree to instruction to run into the demands of rapid development of the state. c. Availability of basic substructure and preparation, that is, in-service instructor preparation, seminars, forums and workshops to familiarise instructors with the course of study and to upgrade instructors ‘ efficiency. d. Continuous developing received by ministry officers both locally and overseas covering a broad scope of subjects which helps the officers to derive more cognition and experience in planning and implementing course of study reform enterprises. e. Public consciousness and support to transport out educational reforms to carry through the demands of cultural, societal and economic development. f. Attempts by both the authorities and private sectors to escalate the acquisition and application of information and communicating engineerings in all Fieldss of life as a consequence of globalisation and modernization. g. The strong committedness and consciousness among parents of the importance of instruction in bring forthing educated, knowing and adept Malaysians who are prudent, originative and advanced. h. In the acquisition procedure, to develop inter-personal and small-group accomplishments – instructors must supply chances for group members to cognize each other, support and accept each other, pass on accurately and confidently, and decide differences constructively. i. Promotive interactions – person can accomplish promotive interaction by assisting each other, exchanging resources, disputing each other ‘s decision, supply feedback, promoting and endeavoring for common benefits. J. Individual answerability – instructors should measure the sum of attempt that each member is lending. These can be done by giving an single trial to each pupil and indiscriminately naming pupils to show their group ‘s work. k. Group treating – instructors should supply chances for the category to measure group advancement. This would enable group to concentrate on good working relationship, facilitate cooperation in acquisition and guarantee members get feedback.[ 15 ] l. The course of study must be so designed and indiscriminately monitored to assist pupils accomplish overall and balance development and betterment. m. Appropriate mix of larning schemes to guarantee command of basic competences and publicity of holistic development. n. More accent should be given on pupils understanding of a peculiar construct, steering pupils in active acquisition, supplying chances for treatment and amplification, and promoting them to work with equals and instructors. O. Encourage and support collaborative attempt with pupils from other schools or even from other states. p. The course of study and learning methodological analysis must provide to pupils ‘ different capablenesss, for illustration, their acquisition manners and degrees of intelligence. Q. Allow pupils to pattern self-paced, self-accessed and autonomous acquisition which can be facilitated via the usage of engineering.[ 16 ]DecisionThe environment and socialization procedure to which pupils are exposed remain as of import factors lending to academic success and character edifice. The Malayan educational system, at pre-school, primary and third degrees have systematically emphasised on the importance of nurturing, among others, moral values and moralss among pupils. Therefore, the quality of instruction that instructors provide to pupils is extremely dependent upon what instructors do in the schoolroom. Teachers should hold the cognition on how pupils learn and how best to learn. In add-on, modern-day acquisition and learning methodological analysis should be in line with the engineerings of tomorrow where engineerings and communications substructure are paving the manner for a more sophisticated ICT-enabled instruction and acquisition environment. Indeed, with the coming of globalization and modernization, the instruction course of study in Malaysia for sustainable development in the new century, call for a entire committednesss from all Malaysians, with a sense of urgency in the face of increasing competition. The Malayan policy model recognises that instruction development plays an of all time of import function in constructing a sustainable, resilient and competitory society. Interestingly, the planetary instruction scenario has similar development schemes, viz. , by supplying wider handinesss, guaranting quality instruction, uninterrupted strategic instruction reforms so that the several states can vie as planetary instruction suppliers. In fact, instruction has already evolved into a large economic entity for some states. Malaysia ought to be ready to confront these challenges in the field of instruction, both internally and externally, with the coming of globalization, trade liberalization, and the development of ICT in this new century.

William Golding s Lord Of The Flies Essay - 1619 Words

Karston Long Mrs. Adams English II 31 October 2016 Simon: Superior Superego Many try to make the correlation between William Golding’s 1954, allegorical novel, Lord of the Flies, and Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Criticism of the human personality. Lord of the Flies takes place on a deserted island, where a group of young boys become stranded, after a plane crash, and strive for survival and order. On this island there were numerous different personalities, many directly relating to the personalities Freud described, as there were numerous characters that encompass the id, ego, as well as the Superego. The superego is the part of the personality that represents the moral part of humans. The Superego depicts the belief of right versus wrong, and in the common representation of the devil on one shoulder, and the angel on the other the Superego is represented by an angel sitting on someone’s shoulder, telling the ego to base behavior on how the action will influence society. In Lord of the Flies the character Simon represents the Superego, as is shown numerous times throughout the novel. Simon’s giving manner, compassion, helping hand, and his introspective manner that realizes that the beast is inside of them, are quintessential examples of the Superego. By analyzing Simon through a Freudian lens, it is evident that he is the ultimate superego because he represents the conscience on the island. The Superego personality traits are best exemplified in Simon, when he helpsShow MoreRelatedWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1263 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Paper: Lord of the Flies William Golding, the author of Lord of The Flies, included adults for only a brief time throughout the novel, playing only a minor role at the end. The absence of adults exemplifies how children require the structure and guidance that only parents can provide, symbolically, how nations newly freed from the British Empire’s control would be better off under English colonial power to survive and maintain order before deteriorating into anarchy. The adults of theRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies752 Words   |  4 Pagespossible, so a five year old who teases others to Adolf Hitler would be classified as perpetrators of evil. Lord of the Flies is a fictional story about a group of British boys who get stranded on island. The author of the novel Lord of the Flies, William Golding, showcases Zimbardo’s ideas in his story. Zimbardo did not form his theory Through the character development of Jack and Roger, Golding illustrates the intensity of evil when one is impacted by situational forces. Before Ralph and Piggy unifiesRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1869 Words   |  8 PagesEssay Outline – Unit 11 Introductory paragraph: Topic Sentence (includes the book title and author) The novel Lord of the flies by William Golding is a type of literature that revolves around an anti-war theme. Main Points that will be discussed in the essay presented in order of weakest to strongest: 1. Lord of the flies was written during WWII and one of the manifestations is the dead man in the parachute presumably a victim of a bombed plane. 2. Faction among the group which is similar toRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1282 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Golding, the author of Lord of The Flies, included adults for only a brief time throughout the novel, playing only a minor role at the end. The absence of adults exemplifies how children require the structure and guidance that only parents can provide, this can be seen how nations newly freed from the British Empire’s control would be better off under English colonial power to survive and maintain order before deteriorating into anarchy. The adults of the novel can be seen as the motherRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1389 Words   |  6 PagesA response to Lord Of The Flies Imagine an airplane crash. The heat of flames scorch passengers’ backs in addition to the wind burning their faces. Lucky, this crash was over water and near an island so most passengers survive, with an exception of the airplane staff and the pilot. Even though alive, many are in fits of fear and panic, and others are in shock. After hurried deliberation, a lone member of the group is elected leader in hopes that they will calm the panic, and make the hard, but necessaryRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1315 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies was set somewhere on the timeline of World War Two, a war between the Axis and the Allies lasting from 1939 until 1945. Although WWII was fought between many countries in the Pacific and Europe, the main contender was Germany, led by Adolf Hitler. Hitler and his followers, the Nazis, changed the lives of everyone when they attempted to strengthen Germany and brought out all the evil and ugli ness in the world. After WWII, nothing would be able to change theRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies886 Words   |  4 Pageshow to live their lives not knowing what s right or wrong. Everyone has a different opinion towards different things. Some say gun laws should be banned while some say they want a gun in their house. In Lord of the Flies by William Golding there are clear aspects of leadership shown within the characterization between Jack and Ralph. I m chief, said Ralph, because you chose me. And we were going to keep the fire going. Now you run after food- (Golding 150). There is evident conflict between theRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1672 Words   |  7 Pages The Different Social Cognition of the Similar Stories — Synthesis essay of Lord of the Flies Final Project With the development of British culture, the format of Desert Island Literature has an inevitable connection with the geographical and culture heritage of the development of British history. Generally speaking, the setting of such literature is basically around an isolated island which is far from human society. The characters usually follow a primary lifestyle so that illustrate the courageRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1745 Words   |  7 Pages1954 novel, Lord of the Flies by Nobel Prize-winner William Golding is a dystopian allegory indicative of vast aspects of the human condition. Set in the midst of a nuclear war, the text details a group of marooned British school boys as they regress to a primitive state. Free from the rules and structures of civilisation and society, the boys split into factions - some attempting to maintain order and achieve common goals; others seeking anarchy and violence. The novel is based on Golding’s experienceRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1776 Words   |  8 PagesMaybe the beast is us (Golding 85), in the novel, Lord of the Flies, by author William Golding, Golding uses the entire book as social commentary. The social aspect he focuses on is man’s ability to be evil and destructive. William Golding uses three specific literary devices to convey this idea; characterization, diction and symbolism. Lord of the Flies explains man s capacity for evil which is revealed in his inherent human nature, which he cannot control or ignore. The hidden evil within